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backend/app/routes/recipe_routes.py

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+import json
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from flask import Blueprint, current_app, request
+from flask_jwt_extended import jwt_required
+
+from app.extensions import db
+from app.models import Recipe
+from app.utils.auth import admin_required
+from app.utils.response import fail, ok
+
+
+recipe_bp = Blueprint("recipe", __name__)
+
+
+def _recipe_payload(recipe: Recipe, payload: dict) -> None:
+    recipe.name = payload.get("name", recipe.name)
+    recipe.category = payload.get("category", recipe.category or "轻食")
+    recipe.description = payload.get("description", recipe.description or "")
+    recipe.calories = float(payload.get("calories", recipe.calories or 0))
+    recipe.protein = float(payload.get("protein", recipe.protein or 0))
+    recipe.fat = float(payload.get("fat", recipe.fat or 0))
+    recipe.carbs = float(payload.get("carbs", recipe.carbs or 0))
+    recipe.fiber = float(payload.get("fiber", recipe.fiber or 0))
+    recipe.tags = payload.get("tags", recipe.tags or [])
+    recipe.difficulty = payload.get("difficulty", recipe.difficulty or "easy")
+
+
+@recipe_bp.get("")
+@jwt_required(optional=True)
+def list_recipes():
+    keyword = (request.args.get("keyword") or "").strip()
+    category = (request.args.get("category") or "").strip()
+    page = max(int(request.args.get("page", 1) or 1), 1)
+    page_size = min(max(int(request.args.get("page_size", 10) or 10), 1), 50)
+
+    query = Recipe.query
+    if keyword:
+        query = query.filter(Recipe.name.like(f"%{keyword}%"))
+    if category:
+        query = query.filter(Recipe.category == category)
+
+    pagination = query.order_by(Recipe.id.desc()).paginate(page=page, per_page=page_size, error_out=False)
+    data = {
+        "items": [item.to_dict() for item in pagination.items],
+        "total": pagination.total,
+        "page": page,
+        "page_size": page_size,
+    }
+    return ok(data)
+
+
+@recipe_bp.get("/<int:recipe_id>")
+@jwt_required(optional=True)
+def get_recipe(recipe_id: int):
+    recipe = Recipe.query.get(recipe_id)
+    if not recipe:
+        return fail("食谱不存在", 404)
+    return ok(recipe.to_dict())
+
+
+@recipe_bp.post("")
+@admin_required
+def create_recipe():
+    payload = request.get_json(silent=True) or {}
+    if not payload.get("name"):
+        return fail("缺少食谱名称", 400)
+
+    recipe = Recipe()
+    _recipe_payload(recipe, payload)
+
+    db.session.add(recipe)
+    db.session.commit()
+    return ok(recipe.to_dict(), "食谱创建成功")
+
+
+@recipe_bp.put("/<int:recipe_id>")
+@admin_required
+def update_recipe(recipe_id: int):
+    recipe = Recipe.query.get(recipe_id)
+    if not recipe:
+        return fail("食谱不存在", 404)
+
+    payload = request.get_json(silent=True) or {}
+    _recipe_payload(recipe, payload)
+    db.session.commit()
+    return ok(recipe.to_dict(), "食谱更新成功")
+
+
+@recipe_bp.delete("/<int:recipe_id>")
+@admin_required
+def delete_recipe(recipe_id: int):
+    recipe = Recipe.query.get(recipe_id)
+    if not recipe:
+        return fail("食谱不存在", 404)
+
+    db.session.delete(recipe)
+    db.session.commit()
+    return ok({}, "食谱删除成功")
+
+
+@recipe_bp.post("/import")
+@admin_required
+def import_recipes():
+    payload = request.get_json(silent=True) or {}
+    rows = payload.get("items")
+
+    if not isinstance(rows, list):
+        seed_file = Path(current_app.root_path).parents[0] / "seed" / "recipes_seed.json"
+        if seed_file.exists():
+            with seed_file.open("r", encoding="utf-8-sig") as file:
+                rows = json.load(file)
+        else:
+            return fail("导入数据为空，且未找到默认种子文件", 400)
+
+    created_count = 0
+    updated_count = 0
+
+    for item in rows:
+        name = (item.get("name") or "").strip()
+        if not name:
+            continue
+
+        recipe = Recipe.query.filter_by(name=name).first()
+        if recipe:
+            _recipe_payload(recipe, item)
+            updated_count += 1
+        else:
+            recipe = Recipe()
+            _recipe_payload(recipe, item)
+            db.session.add(recipe)
+            created_count += 1
+
+    db.session.commit()
+    return ok({"created": created_count, "updated": updated_count}, "食谱导入完成")